Diamond history begins in India. There are early Sanskrit texts references to diamonds in India. Buddhist works dating from the 4th century BC describe the diamond as a well-known and precious stone. However, it does not mention any details on diamond cutting. Another Indian description on diamond history is written at the beginning of the 3rd century describes strength, regularity, brilliance. Furthermore, its ability to scratch metals, and good refractive properties as the desirable qualities of a diamond. Golconda served as an important center for the history of diamonds in central India.
The desire for diamonds did eventually spread around the world. India has been the major source for diamonds and gemstones until the settler made a discovery of diamonds in Brazil. A 3rd-century Chinese text says, "Foreigners wear it [diamond] in the belief that it can ward off evil influences." The Chinese found diamonds in their country later and used the diamond as a tool to cut jade materials.
The lore of diamonds came to Rome from India. They utilized diamonds a traditional adornment in jewelry for aristocrats and the like.
On the Island of Borneo, in Southeast Asia diamonds were discovered in 700 AD and were used by the traders of Southeast Asia.
As India's diamonds sources slowly depleted the exploration for finding diamonds throughout the world began. This led to discoveries of diamonds in Brazil in the year of 1725. Also, in South Africa. The country of South Africa became the major diamond hub.
Diamonds traded both to the west and east of India. Moreover, people noted diamonds for their extraordinary industrial uses. Roman historian Pliny the Elder mentions in his work Naturalis Historia decorative purposes. Also, its usefulness to engravers because of its hardness.
In India today, approximately 92% of the world's diamonds are cut. Most in the city of Surat. Another major diamond hub where 85% of the world's rough diamonds trade in Belgium. Furthermore, 50% of cut diamonds and 40% of industrial diamonds trade in Antwerp. The diamond history in Antwerp dates back to the late 15th century. Additionally, this is where new techniques to polish and shape the gems evolved in this city.
Likewise, diamond cutters in Antwerp are world known for their skill. The diamond history in Antwerp has lead to major trade. More than 12,000 expert cutters and polishers are at work in the Diamond Quarter, at 380 workshops, serving 1,500 firms and 3,500 brokers and merchants.
https://www.gia.edu/diamond-history-lore
History of diamonds starts in India.